Seizure / Paroxysmal event
Breath-holding spell
Brief Resolved Unexplained Event
Febrile seizure
Epilepsy
Status epilepticus
Syncope
- Describe the neurophysiology of electrical and chemical signal transmission
- Discuss the pathophysiology of seizure activity
- Identify neurologic and non-neurologic causes of paroxysmal events
- Apply basic principles of pharmacology in the management of seizure
- Know that arrhythmias in children that may present with sudden collapse and identify common arrhythmias of childhood
Overview & Foundational Knowledge
| Learn Pediatrics: Approach to Syncope: is it cardiac or not.
http://learn.pediatrics.ubc.ca/body-systems/cardiology/approach-to-syncope-is-it-cardiac-or-not/ Clinical overview: very practical. Includes definition, common conditions, life threatening conditions and other conditions. Also covers differential diagnosis, questions to ask on history, physical examination findings, investigations. There is a good chart for investigations of syncope. |
| Seizures in Children Anthony Fine, Elaine C. Wirrell; Seizures in Children. Pediatr Rev July 2020; 41 (7): 321–347.
https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.2019-0134 A good overview of an approach to seizures and epilepsy. Note that the nomenclature for epilepsy syndromes has been recently updated so terminology may be out of date. |
| Evaluation of First Seizure and Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy Wirrell E. Evaluation of First Seizure and Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2022 Apr 1;28(2):230-260.
https://doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000001074 A similar article to the one above but with updated terms for epilepsy syndromes. |
| Febrile Seizures Gupta A. Febrile Seizures. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2016 Feb;22(1 Epilepsy):51-9.
https://doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000000274 A very good review of febrile seizures. |
Clinical Resources
| Emergency management of the paediatric patient with convulsive status epilepticus CPS position statement.
Updated CPS guideline on management of status epilepticus |
| Seizure Types and Epilepsy Pedscases Podcast
https://www.pedscases.com/seizure-types-and-epilepsy A good overview of approach to seizures and epilepsy. |
| Status Epilepticus Pedscases
https://pedscases.com/sites/default/files/Status%20Epilepticus.pdf A good overview of status epilepticus |
| Febrile Seizures Pedscases
https://pedscases.com/sites/default/files/Febrile%20Seizures.pdf A good overview of febrile seizures |
| Syncope Gilpin K, Goode Z. Syncope. Pediatr Rev. 2024 Oct 1;45(10):606-608.
https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.2023-006053 An up-to-date summary of Syncope |
| Types of Arrhythmia in Children
https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/types-of-arrhythmia-in-children The American Heart Association’s page outlines various types of pediatric arrhythmias |
| Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (Formerly Apparent Life-Threatening Events) and Evaluation of Lower Risk infants. Tieder JS, Bonkowski JL and the Subcommittee on Apparent Life Threatening Events. AAP Clinical Practice Guideline Pediatrics. May 2016. 137(5), e1-e33.
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2016/04/21/peds.2016-0590 Clinical guidelines describing new terminology and approach to assessment and diagnosis. |
| Febrile Seizures. Guideline for the Neurodiagnostic Evaluation of the Child With a Simple Febrile Seizure. Pediatrics
. 2011 Feb;127(2):389-94. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-3318.
https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-3318 Clinical practice guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics. |
Cards
| Seizure / Paroxysmal Event
Seizure / Paroxysmal Event Diagnosis Canuc-Paeds physician authored, replayable cases |
